Official sources and on-the-ground experiences tell different stories about the cost of living in Qatar. The 2022 Mercer Cost of Living Index ranks the capital, Doha, at 133rd out of 227 cities surveyed, placing it well below other major Middle Eastern cities such as Dubai and Riyadh.

Cost of entertainment and eating out in Qatar

There are several options when it comes to eating out in Qatar. Small, independent restaurants are cheaper and offer better value for money than the chain eateries and posh establishments found in hotels.

Alcohol is expensive, can only be purchased from one warehouse and requires a permit, but drinking out is even more expensive.

Cost of living in Qatar chart

Prices may vary depending on product and service provider. The list below shows average prices for Doha in February 2023.

As is the case with expat life in any country, life in Qatar is a mix of peaks, troughs, swings, roundabouts, and ups and downs. One way for expats to prepare for life in Qatar, is to know what to expect.

Below, we've listed some of the pros and cons of moving here.

Accommodation in Qatar

Expats may either find the state of accommodation in Qatar wonderful or deplorable, depending on where they choose to settle. Regardless, rent is generally high, choices can be limited, and many places look the same.

+ PRO: Expat housing in Qatar is spacious

Expat accommodation is largely spacious and well-proportioned. New compounds and apartments are constantly being built, so those who dream of a home with never-been-used fittings and that ‘new house smell’ may be in luck. Most compounds and complexes have on-site amenities such as pools, gyms, dry cleaners and cafés.

- CON: Rent is paid in a lump sum

Those who go through the househunting battle alone, after dealing with potentially long waiting lists, may face high rental fees too. Rent in Qatar is expected in a lump sum, paid annually or quarterly, which is a mildly terrifying expense to pay upfront. Fortunately, most accommodation fees are covered almost entirely by employers. If this isn't the case, we recommend expats negotiate this with their employers.

Lifestyle in Qatar

Although Qatar is more conservative than many expats are used to, there are plenty of things to do for expats interested in learning about their host culture. And as a developing global destination with a growing population of working expats, the emirate is constantly introducing new sights and attractions for international visitors.

+ PRO: Making friends in Qatar is easy

The population is small, and the expat community is tight-knit, so it's easy to make friends by taking up a sport or starting a conversation with neighbours. This is even easier for expats who move with a family, as there are many moms' groups and activities for kids in Doha. Qatar also boasts first-rate museums, cultural events, a beautiful coastline and striking desert views to experience with friends.

+ PRO: The emirate has mild winters

In contrast to the extreme heat of summer, winters are long and temperate, and residents can enjoy outdoor activities such as beach picnics from November to April. 

- CON: Extreme weather means a lack of activities in summer

Extreme heat makes Qatar unbearable for much of the year, especially from June to August, and air-conditioning is a must. During this time, many people leave, turning metros into ghost towns. Finding events to attend will be difficult, although Doha has a budding nightlife scene and some high-profile restaurants.

- CON: There aren't many outdoor activities in Qatar

Most people live in Doha, the capital city. There are expanses of (uninhabited) desert, several coastal reserves and a few city parks, but this is as close to the ‘countryside’ that expats will get. Though these areas may be pleasant in mild temperatures, the heat deters residents from walking around downtown and there isn't much greenery, so outdoorsy expats may take some time to get used to the somewhat barren terrain.

Safety in Qatar

New arrivals in any foreign country may be concerned about their wellbeing, personal safety and health hazards.

+ PRO: The country has low crime rates

New residents in Qatar shouldn't stress themselves over personal security. Qatar is safe for men and women alike, with low levels of even petty crime.

- CON: Qatar has some of the worst drivers

The most unsafe place in Qatar is the road – expats and locals alike often drive like maniacs. Always be vigilant on the roads and follow the law – if not, hefty penalties will be faced. As many Qatari residents choose to drive, traffic isn't fun either. Still, as Doha is developing, public transport is advancing rapidly and safer options for getting around include the bus and metro.

Working and doing business in Qatar

There are tight regulations on doing business in Qatar, as foreign nationals cannot work without a valid work permit, usually sponsored by their employer. Expats will need to get to grips with the visa process and adapting to local business culture.

+ PRO: Salaries in Qatar are relatively high

Highly skilled expats often hold senior positions with excellent pay and lucrative employment packages. Employment contracts may cover accommodation, flights, transport, schooling for an employee's child, and insurance, so it's worth negotiating to get the best deal. Don't forget that expats pay few, if any, taxes, so a lot of money can be saved.

- CON: The work culture is very relaxed

There is generally a relaxed attitude to work in Qatar, which includes meetings and timekeeping, so things don’t happen quickly. The workday is usually from 7am to 3pm, and many government offices close at 1pm. It's best to get things done before noon, as many people start thinking about going home afterwards. Expats need to be patient, especially since they will be part of a workforce which won’t always have English as its first language.

Culture shock in Qatar

+ PRO: The expat community in Qatar is very welcoming

The community in Qatar is friendly and welcoming. A little searching for activities and new friends will usually be fruitful. There are many expat clubs and events, and even if expats don’t want to engage on this level, bumping into acquaintances while shopping or on the Corniche is likely. Once the ball gets rolling, making friends is easy.

- CON: Adapting to Islamic culture can be difficult

Although Qatar is liberal relative to other Gulf states, it is still in the Middle East and a bit of prudence and respect will go a long way. Expats should avoid public displays of affection, and women should keep their shoulders and knees covered. Many locals wear traditional dress – men wear white robes and women either wear black abayas or face-covering niqabs. Qataris might not shake hands with expats of the opposite sex either, which shouldn’t be taken personally. Expats are allowed to practice their religion, but they must be respectful of Islamic customs.

- CON: Qatar has a divided society

The division of class is stark in Qatar. The country is one of the richest in the world, but it was built and continues to run on the fuel of its migrants. From Nepalese construction workers to Keralan cab drivers and Filipino maids, expats will have someone to carry their clothes to the changing room, bag their groceries and top up their water at restaurants. Locals and expats hire and take sole responsibility for their housekeepers and drivers.

Cost of living in Qatar

Access to affordable and subsidised healthcare, lucrative salaries and no tax seem attractive. But, when moving to Qatar and using a different currency, new arrivals must understand their cost of living and consider all their expenses, from basic groceries to entertainment amenities.

+ PRO: Fuel is affordable

Petrol (gasoline) in Qatar is very cheap, especially in comparison with major world cities. This makes driving a car affordable and easy on the budget.

- CON: The cost of living is high

The cost of living in Qatar is high, but that doesn’t necessarily equate with better quality goods. Qatar imports most of its food, so although expats might be able to find their favourite brands, this will come at a premium. Staples such as rice, bread, certain meats and fish are moderately priced but, in general, food is expensive in Qatar. Household goods are also expensive. Imported Western brands can be found in malls and shops too, but will cost more.

Education and schools in Qatar

There is a high-quality public school system in Qatar, but it mainly caters to locals. Most private international schools follow an American or British curriculum.  

+ PRO: The quality of education in Qatar is very good

Qatar pours a tremendous amount of money into education, science and technology, and many world-class institutions have set up branches in Doha. The country also recruits teachers from overseas, and the quality of education in private and public schools is high.

- CON: There is limited space in schools and the cost of tuition is high

Tuition at private international schools in Qatar is expensive. Seats in popular institutions are rare and waiting lists can be long, so advanced planning is often necessary to gain admission. On the other hand, though public independent schools are free, admission may be complicated for non-Qatari nationals.

Healthcare in Qatar

Qatari's healthcare system is impressive, ambulances are efficient, medical staff are well-trained, and both public and private facilities boast high standards.

+ PRO: It is easy to take out health insurance

Most expats have health insurance provided by their employer. If this is not the case, residents can apply for a Hamad health card, which entitles them to subsidised healthcare at the Hamad Medical Corporation.

Most expats find that relocating to Qatar for work is a surprisingly smooth transition. Foreigners make up most of the population and although Arabic is the official language, English is commonly spoken in business settings.

On the one hand, colleagues and clients from all over the world mean that the business culture in Qatar is eclectic. On the other hand, diverse cultures may clash with things like communication styles, and, of course, Arabic work culture has its own set of norms.

Expats should educate themselves about doing business in Qatar but shouldn't expect too much to happen too quickly. Being patient, sensitive and aware of the effects that cultural differences can have on office life will smooth the transition.

Job market in Qatar

Qatar appeals to workers from all over the world, illustrated by the fact that most of Qatar’s residents are foreigners and jobs abound across both public and private institutions.

The petrochemical sector has been the largest drawcard for expats, though this is slowly changing. The Qatari monarchy has stressed economic diversification and growth in other industries. Construction and real estate continue to grow, and there has been massive investment in improving infrastructure and the tourism sector for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Over 1.5 million jobs are open to foreign employees in Qatar, and this is expected to increase as the expat job market expands.

That said, prospective expats should be aware of Qatarisation, whereby a Qatari national with equally strong qualifications and performance ratings is likely to be given priority over an expatriate. Qatarisation also explains the lengthy work permit process.

Qatarisation is most prevalent in the energy and industrial sector, yet this shouldn’t be cause for alarm for skilled expats. Qatar highly values foreign employees with the right expertise, who can contribute to these sectors and also aid in training and upscaling the local workforce.

Finding a job in Qatar

To work in Qatar, expats will need a work permit, for which they have to secure a job before arriving in the country.

Many expats are transferred from their company overseas and do not need to actively search for a job in Qatar. Still, it shouldn’t be too difficult for foreign hopefuls with the right qualifications to get a job, especially if they have experience in the construction, oil and gas industries. What’s key is to have a strong CV with relevant experience and qualifications.

Job seekers have a wealth of resources at their disposal. Social media platforms such as LinkedIn and Facebook are useful, not only for finding a job but also for reaching out to other expats in Qatar.

Qatari, Arab and international online job portals are great, such as Monster Gulf, Bayt.com, Indeed, Gulf Talent and ILoveQatar.net. Job listings are also available in Gulf Times, Qatar Tribune and The Peninsula newspapers. The Hukoomi portal and the Ministry of Administrative Development, Labour and Social Affairs website can also be very useful.

While online job platforms are a good starting point, networking and making personal connections can also work in an expat’s favour; it’s often more about who they know than what they know. That said, the culture of ‘wasta’ (loosely, ‘who you know’) has been linked to issues of nepotism and corruption in the past, and relatives or friends have been favoured over someone else with greater experience. So, while networking is useful, do be aware of both the pros and cons.

International recruitment agencies and relocation firms are a good option, but expats should always do independent research on the jobs these agencies promote. There have been reports of recruitment agencies overselling jobs, mainly to lower-skilled job seekers, and inflating the expected wages. When these expats arrive, the reality is often not as promising as expected.

Changing jobs

One of the downsides of working in Qatar is the fact that changing jobs can be difficult. Employment contracts often have clauses that restrict employees from starting a new job in the country. Some employers feel these rules are justified because they invest time and money in bringing foreign workers into the country. 

Qatari labour law means jobs can only be changed under certain conditions, and employees cannot conduct any work for another employer while they are under contract, whether it’s paid or unpaid, including outside of normal working hours.

That said, it has become easier to change jobs in Qatar with amended labour laws. Employees can now freely cancel employment contracts with one month’s notice if they were employed for two years or less, and two months’ notice after two years, though these rules are new and some employers may not abide by them.

Work culture in Qatar

Working in Qatar is not without its challenges. The salary packages are attractive and tax-free living is tempting, but employees in Qatar work notoriously long hours to earn their riyals. The workweek is usually 48 hours a week, though only 36 hours during Ramadan. A typical workweek is usually from Sunday to Thursday with Friday and Saturday off. That said, some businesses do open on Fridays, in which case they usually only work half days on Thursday.

Though expats from across the world bring their cultures into the workplace, culture shock in Qatar may be experienced. It's important to understand that Islam is the predominant religion, and associated values hold strong in business settings.

Qatar is an innovative country developing at a blinding pace. While some countries take decades to develop an efficient public transport system, Qatar is effectively constructing theirs in a matter of years.

Just a few short years ago, public transport infrastructure was not as well organised, but their wealth of resources and determination to advance have changed that. As one of the richest countries in the world, Qatar is constantly undergoing great transformation, implementing the newest technology, modern equipment and grand infrastructure.

Public transport in Qatar

Buses are one of the main forms of public transport around Qatar, but the metro, tram and train systems are also expanding and integrating online resources. Commuters using Qatar’s public transport can use online resources and apps to plan and book their trips.

Buses

Qatar’s transport network offers clean and comfortable electric Karwa (also known as Mowasalat) buses. These are easy to locate with the help of the Mowasalat website and social media pages that give up-to-date info on schedules and routes. These buses are largely limited to the capital city.

To ride the Karwa buses, passengers will need a travel card, known as a Karwa smartcard These can be unlimited and rechargeable, or limited to 24 hours. It’s easy to purchase and top up the smartcard at various locations, including Hamad International Airport, The Pearl Qatar, Qatar Mall and Doha Bus Station.

Metro

Metro systems are one of the quickest ways to get around in major world cities, and Qatar is constantly developing theirs. Doha recently began operating its metro system which connects major areas around the city, including Hamad International Airport as one of the metro stations.

It is easy to use and navigate, and expats can easily find more information, register for, and top up their travel cards online through the Qatar Rail website and app.

The metro is not just fast, it is air-conditioned and clean with up-to-date timetables available on the Doha Metro website. Metro lines can also be found on Google Maps so that new arrivals can easily track and plan their journey.

Trains

While the railway network is currently limited and not yet functioning, schemes for transport modernisation encompass a greater railway system for passengers and freight transport. This is an ongoing project by Qatar Rail, aiming to connect Doha to other cities and even other Gulf states.

Taxis in Qatar

Taxis are one of the most convenient ways of getting around in Qatar. Drivers are well trained and vehicles are clean. Expats can arrange a sedan-type car, a van, a limo, or a vehicle for passengers with reduced mobility. Taxis, known as Karwa taxis, are largely publicly operated by Mowasalat, and can easily be ordered through the Karwa app or a call centre. There are also several privately-run taxis in the country, and Uber operates in Doha.

All taxis have meters and new arrivals will enjoy the low fare. It’s important to have cash on hand in the local currency when taking a taxi.

While Qatar is a safe country, we recommend that women do not travel alone at night and expats should always ensure the taxi they use is registered.

Driving in Qatar

While the public transport network is developing, many residents still travel by car and find this the best way to get around. 

As a driver, it is critical to follow the rules of the road and remain vigilant. While crime is low, road accidents and related fatality rates are frighteningly high. Time and again, expats report the dangers and unpredictability of driving in Qatar, proving road safety is a concern in the emirate.

We’d advise that expats always drive defensively, always wear seatbelts, remain calm and never use a phone while driving. Expats who fail to follow these regulations can face heavy fines. Certain trips, such as those into the desert may require a 4x4 vehicle, so be sure to plan accordingly.

Most expats will need an International Driving Permit (IDP) to drive in Qatar. Expats staying less than a year can use their home licence along with the IDP, but those staying longer must get a Qatari driving license.

Renting a car

Several major international car rental agencies operate in Qatar, such as Hertz, Avis and Europcar, as well as local agencies.

The rental process is easy, and cars can be collected through walk-ins, pre-booked online or arranged by phone call. Expats should have the necessary documents and information on hand. Payments can usually be made via credit card or cash.

Cycling in Qatar

Qatar’s heat may have health and safety implications for cycling commuters. That said, cycling for recreational, competitive and fitness purposes is growing in popularity, and avid cyclists can access cycle routes across the country.

Expats can find a range of resources, routes and special events for road and mountain biking through the website of the Qatar Cycling Federation.

Walking in Qatar

Due to the heat, we don’t advise walking to get around in Qatar. Leisurely strolls are possible around certain areas in Doha and are pleasant in the cooler months, but hiking is not common.

When venturing out into the desert to experience some of Qatar’s landscape and lifestyle, bring enough water and sunscreen, and dress appropriately.

Sea travel in Qatar

Qatar’s location in the Persian Gulf offers refreshing sea views that contrast with its arid desert interior. Expats can take advantage of the shoreline by enjoying cruises, tours, fishing trips and water sports. Day trips, dinner cruises and even corporate events take place on boats.

Expats are advised to always review the company providing the service, enquire about their safety standards and wear a life jacket.

Air travel in Qatar

Qatar’s main international airport is Hamad International Airport in Doha. Qatar Airways is the national flag carrier and is a publicly owned company that provides excellent service and connects with flights and airports worldwide. Many airlines fly in and out of Hamad International Airport, including British Airways and Ethiopian Airlines as well as several smaller budget airlines.

Through its former emir, Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, Qatar has become renowned for liberal policies that include women’s suffrage, redrafting the constitution, and even allowing the launch of leading English and Arabic news source, Al Jazeera. Expats will, nonetheless, probably have to make some initial adjustments to overcome culture shock in Qatar.

Given that nearly 90 percent of the population is made up of foreigners, however, expats may not find adjusting to Qatar as difficult as they might other Middle Eastern countries. As the oddly outnumbered minority, Qataris have had to become generally open-minded and tolerant.

Still, the sand-shrouded peninsula is a step behind what many Qataris consider the debauchery of Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Although women have freedom of movement and expats can purchase alcohol in certain places, the country is far from what Westerners might consider liberal.

Religion in Qatar

As is the case with other Arab nations, local culture is linked to the tenets of Islam. Although non-Muslim foreigners aren’t expected to adhere to Islamic law, they are expected to be aware of it and respect its principles.

Most residents in Qatar follow Islam, but expats are free to practise their religions and there is a small community of residents who follow Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism. There are churches and Hindu temples in Doha, but all must be respectful of local culture and the freedom of worship is a debated topic: disseminating non-Muslim religious material and displaying non-Muslim religious symbols are prohibited.

New arrivals can connect with expats of the same religion through social media platforms or seek information from institutions, such as the Indian Cultural Centre in Doha.

Meeting and greeting in Qatar

Greeting in Qatar is less simple than a handshake, but not as complicated as an Asian introduction. The rule of thumb for meeting and greeting in Qatar is to temper one's action according to the gender of the person present.

Men greeting men and women greeting women typically do so with a handshake or a kiss on the cheek. On the other hand, Islamic law dictates that unmarried men and women should not touch. As a result, men in Qatar will often avoid extending their hand to women out of respect. Similarly, if a woman extends her hand, a man may prefer to put his hand on his chest or to nod, also out of respect.

In all cases, though, eye contact should be maintained during the meeting process, and greetings of ‘good morning’, ‘good afternoon’ or ‘as-salamu alaykum’ should be exchanged.

Dress in Qatar

While non-Muslim expats are not bound by the same dress code as Muslims, they should still be sensitive to Qatari ideas of decency.

Women do not need to cover their heads, faces or wear a hijab or abaya, but they are expected to dress modestly so as not to offend the local community. Skirts, dresses and loose-fitting pants should be knee-length, and tank-tops and shirts should cover the midriff and shoulder areas. Sheer clothing should be left at home.

Men do not need to dress in the flowing white robes common among locals or wear headpieces, but they also need to keep their wardrobe tasteful. Shorts should be knee-length and cut-off t-shirts should be avoided.

Similarly, bathing suits and sportswear should only be worn in appropriate venues. Both men and women should be especially vigilant about dressing appropriately during the holy month of Ramadan.

Language barrier in Qatar

Although the official language is Arabic, most people can speak and understand English, which is quickly becoming the language of business in Qatar.

That said, expats should keep in mind that the ever-expanding foreign community is culturally diverse and some people will be more proficient in English than others, which may require a fair amount of patience.

Time in Qatar

Things tend to happen at a slower pace in the emirate, and it won’t be long before expats realise that the concept of time in Qatar is somewhat more flexible than what they may be used to, especially when it comes to doing business. Long lunches are normal, and the progress of business negotiations can be painstakingly slow as relationships are cultivated between client and service provider.

Furthermore, lateness is not nearly as offensive as it is in Western cultures; rather, it’s considered inordinately rude to hurry someone, or for people to look at their watch throughout an engagement.

Cultural dos and don’ts in Qatar

• Do save Western bathing attire for pools at hotels or private beaches only

• Do use the right hand when shaking hands and eating; this is traditional even for left-handed people

• Don't expect to receive any alcohol at a Qatari-hosted function and don't offer it to Muslims at their events as alcohol is forbidden for Muslims

• Do treat religious discussions gently. Proselytising is illegal, and attempting to convert someone of a different faith (especially a Qatari) is punishable. 

Expats planning a move to Qatar are bound to have many queries about life in this Middle Eastern country.
Below we answer some of the most commonly asked questions about Qatar.

Should I move to Qatar?

Deciding to move to a country is always a personal decision. Most people who relocate to Qatar do so for financial reasons. The natural gas boom in the country has led to a huge influx of wealth, and the economy is expected to continue its steep upward trajectory.

Can I find work in Qatar?

Most expats employed in Qatar find work before going over. While there are many opportunities in the country, foreigners require a host sponsor to get a work residence permit. Jobs have been most abundant in the construction, oil and gas industries.

Will I need a bank account? Will I need to pay taxes?

Having a bank account in Qatar is absolutely necessary, but whether this is a local or international account is up to the individual. There are no taxes levied on personal income in the emirate, though we'd advise expats to check whether they would still be liable for tax in their home country. We recommend expats do thorough research around banking, money and taxes in Qatar, and seek professional assistance where required.

Do I need a car in Qatar?

Almost all expats who can afford it buy a car in Qatar, but new arrivals should be warned: Qatar's roads are notoriously dangerous, and Doha can be difficult for newcomers to navigate. Companies sometimes provide car or travel allowances for their employees and expats can easily get around by taxi too. Public transport in Doha and across the country is also quickly developing with constant improvements to the bus and metro system being made.

How do I get a visa for Qatar?

Visas are obtainable from Qatari embassies or consulates. In Qatar, work residence permits enable expats to stay and work in the emirate. These are applied for at the Ministry of Interior in Qatar, and the expat's employer has to sponsor the application.

What's it like for women in Qatar?

Qatar prides itself on being a relatively progressive state where women are not restricted from receiving a quality education or working. Still, gender inequality issues are evident and expat women must adapt to the culture, changing the way they dress and behave. We encourage women to weigh up the pros and cons of a move to Qatar.

Healthcare in Qatar is among the best available in the Middle East. Health centres in Doha boast cutting-edge medical equipment, up-to-date facilities and highly-trained specialists, and the country offers expats both private and public options. 

Many expats prefer private healthcare to avoid the bureaucracy associated with the public system. Health insurance isn't provided by the government, and we recommend that all expats living in Qatar take out private health insurance to cover costs as these can rise quickly in the case of medical complications and emergencies.

Public healthcare in Qatar

Public healthcare in Qatar is managed by the Hamad Medical Corporation, a non-profit organisation that has overseen the country's major public hospitals since 1979. It has created an intricate and efficient network of hospitals and clinics that provide free treatment to local Qataris and largely subsidised services for expats at certain institutions.

Foreigners moving to Qatar only need to apply for a health card to take advantage of state-sponsored healthcare. With this health card, emergency treatment is most often free in public hospitals, though patients must pay for further check-ups and medication. Expats will also need to pay nominal charges for tests, consultations and inpatient care. The Qatar health card is valid at any public facility.

Getting a health card

Applications for a health card can be completed at any government clinic or hospital. Expats may need to bring their passport, visa and passport-sized photographs to complete the application form, and pay a basic fee. More information on this and on health card renewals can be found on the Qatar Portal.

Private healthcare in Qatar

The Qatari government is a strong advocate for the development of private sector services and many healthcare professionals in Qatar are expats themselves.

Private healthcare is available either on a pay-as-needed basis or as a service covered by local or international healthcare providers. Since some fees must still be paid with public medical care, private systems tend to be more popular and offer greater flexibility.

Health insurance in Qatar

Given that treatment costs can accumulate quickly, expats are advised to have some sort of insurance. When exploring various insurance programmes, expats should check what each one encompasses and ensure the extent of their coverage.

Expats moving to Qatar should make an effort to have their sponsor/employer include private health insurance in their contract. This coverage, in addition to the basic health card, will ensure that all their healthcare concerns are covered while living in Qatar.

Pharmacies and medicines in Qatar

There are plenty of pharmacies available, some of which are open 24 hours or otherwise late into the night. Most stock a good range of products, although it’s always a good idea to bring a small supply of any essential medication from home until its availability in Qatar can be confirmed.

We recommend expats carry official doctor’s prescriptions, as some medications may be considered controlled substances in the country. The official website of the Qatar Council for Healthcare Practitioners can answer specific questions on medication and medical care.

Health hazards in Qatar

While Qatar is secure and safe, there are some issues to be aware of. Road accidents are common and given Qatar’s hot climate, there is a risk of sunstroke. Be sure to stay hydrated and avoid going outdoors during the hottest hours of the day.

Emergency services in Qatar

Qatar has a large fleet of emergency vehicles with impressive average response times. Expats can dial 999 to call the police, the fire department or an ambulance.

Expat accommodation in Qatar ranges from apartments and villas to sprawling expat compounds. Housing can be rather pricey in Qatar, but fortunately accommodation is often included in employment packages of highly qualified expats. Nevertheless, researching accommodation before moving can certainly help expats with budgeting.

Types of accommodation in Qatar

Expats will quickly notice that the most sought-after property is within expat compounds, though standalone villas and apartments are also available.

Compounds

Companies that arrange employee accommodation often rent complete compounds, or sections of compounds, to ensure reduced expenses. These compounds resemble walled suburbs with security and a range of amenities. Some of the more upmarket compounds have luxury facilities, including small supermarkets, gyms, tennis courts, squash facilities and even restaurants.

These complexes are perfect for expat families with kids, with small garden spaces and shared swimming pools. The presence of other expat families can also be attractive and often helps to establish easy friendships and a sense of camaraderie.

Housing in expat compounds often come fully furnished, so it may not be necessary to ship belongings over. That said, unfurnished and semi-furnished options are also available, but we suggest expats who choose to ship belongings negotiate the inclusion of an adequate shipping allowance.

Standalone villas

Standalone villas tend to offer large, spacious housing – often with a hefty price tag attached. These are not part of any gated complexes and typically have four bedrooms or more, and an enclosed garden area.

The standard and extent of furnishings vary, though semi-furnished villas will often contain ready-installed air conditioning systems, large appliances and basic furniture.

Apartments

Apartments and flats are abundant in Qatar, especially in Doha. Choices range from small one-bedroom apartments in busy downtown areas to large five-bedroom apartments in upmarket buildings near the ocean. Many apartment blocks have a gym attached and some offer cleaning and room services.

Most apartments are rented fully furnished, but the quality of appliances and furniture may not always be up to an expat’s standards, so it’s important to inspect accommodation before committing.

Finding accommodation in Qatar

For those who are going it alone, listings are available in the classifieds section of the Gulf Times, and on supermarket boards and real-estate websites, including Qatar Living, JustProperty and Property Finder. The services of a relocation company or local estate agent are strongly recommended, as these professionals know the various areas well and can save time researching properties and negotiating with landlords.

Renting accommodation in Qatar

The Ministry of Municipality and Environment manages all real-estate matters while some documents need to be overseen by the Real Estate and Residences Registration Office. This is where estate agents play a key role by facilitating transactions and arranging leases, utilities and deposits.

Expats will be happy to know that rent prices seem to be stabilising as more and more buildings are springing up all over Qatar.

Leases

If an expat’s employer arranges their accommodation, the company will negotiate the lease with the landlord. Otherwise, expats can expect to pay as much as one year’s rent upfront. Most expats choose to make the payment with post-dated cheques, although those who can afford to pay in one lump sum can often leverage a lower price. Rent can also be paid quarterly.

In the tenant’s favour, rental fees cannot go up within the 12 months designated by the lease.

Leases in Qatar are established in Arabic and translated into English for the tenants and the landlord.

Deposits

Deposits in Qatar are normally a month's rent. For some expats working in Qatar, this may be part of an accommodation allowance, so are encouraged to negotiate for it where possible.

A comprehensive inventory of the property should be included in the rental contract, so both parties are aware of the full list and condition of furnishings.

Utilities

Utilities are not usually included, but these costs are reasonable thanks to the government’s policy of subsidisation. That said, expats should make sure their housing in Qatar is equipped with an air conditioning unit before signing a lease. Temperatures soar in summer, and installing one can be expensive.

Notice periods

Tenancy agreements are typically for 12 months. If expats leave before this time, they must give notice and are charged a penalty for breaking the contract. Notice periods are normally two months, and penalties can be as much as two months’ rent.

Buying property in Qatar

Though most expats rent in Qatar, some may have an eye on real-estate investments. Non-Qataris may purchase land, buildings and sites for construction in approved areas. For GCC nationals, these include Lusail, Al Khuraj, Thaayleb Mountain; and for all other non-Qatari citizens, these are The Pearl-Qatar, West Bay Lagoon and Al Khor Resort Project.

Owning land in Qatar entitles foreign citizens to longer-term resident visas that are otherwise difficult to attain.

These designated investment areas are highly exclusive and expensive and we recommend that those keen on buying property seek advice from relocation companies, real-estate professionals and lawyers to assist.

Shipping goods to Qatar may not always be the smoothest of rides. Though many items are permitted, some of which are even tax-exempt, Qatar nevertheless has strict customs laws.

The General Authority of Customs oversees and regulates the importing and exporting of all goods. Their official website and its Al-Nadeeb portal are key resources for advice on customs regulations, including what is allowed or prohibited, related tariffs, and exemptions on shipping and removals.

Be sure about shipping to Qatar

Expats moving to Qatar should think carefully about what they need to ship to the emirate, as moving large quantities may not be worth the time, money and customs headaches. Most accommodation comes fully furnished and additional furniture and appliances can always be purchased in the country.

Inventory and documentation

When shipping goods, a clear inventory detailing each item is necessary. Be sure to explicitly declare all items, including currency and precious metals and stones. If an expat fails to comply or declare all their goods, they may face strict penalties, including heavy fines, confiscation of goods and even jail time.

We also recommend that expats make copies of all documents and keep them on file to facilitate the import and export process.

Hiring shipping and removals companies in Qatar

Packing up and having goods shipped over can seem complicated and involves several parties, including the packer, an overseas shipper, a clearing agent, and companies specialising in storage, delivery and unpacking.

We recommend using an accredited and reputable shipping company that includes insurance, and it might be best to consider a relocation company. If expats do want to import products into Qatar, these professional consultants can ease the process.

Duties, processing and handling fees add up, and we urge expats who plan to work in Qatar to negotiate a shipping allowance as part of their contract.

Shipping household items to Qatar

Fortunately, some categories are exempt from import taxes. These include personal effects and household items, as well as items cleared for designated ‘free zones’.

If importing personal and household items, expats must provide proof of their residence visa, valid for at least one year, and potentially a letter from their sponsor indicating that these goods are not for resale. Usually, these items are only exempt for expats moving to the country for the first time.

Otherwise, most items shipped into Qatar face customs duties and this is usually charged per unit or as a percentage of the value of the goods. Duties for general cargo are around five percent.

Shipping vehicles to Qatar

One of the best ways of getting around in Doha is by driving, and many expats choose to own a vehicle or have one provided by their company. In some cases, expats may want to buy a car or ship one over from abroad.

Car models older than five years are not allowed to be imported, and newer models require a clearance certificate from the country of export as well as an invoice detailing the car’s value.

Private motor vehicles must meet multiple standards, so it’s critical to check the most updated regulations on the Qatari customs website. In some cases, cars are only granted temporary admission for three or six months, potentially renewable with a bank guarantee or deposit. Insurance is essential.

Shipping small-scale items to Qatar

There are a few reliable options for expats shipping small amounts of inventory or simple items such as documents, and most major logistics companies and couriers, such as DHL, FedEx, Aramex and UPS deliver to Qatar from abroad. Note that Qatar does not use a formal postal or zip code system but residents normally use '00000' if required.

While narcotics and illegal drugs are prohibited, small amounts of legal personal medicine can be brought into Qatar. These require a prescription and can't exceed an amount deemed 'fit for personal use' by customs officials. This process may cause delays in shipments.

That said, the country has an excellent healthcare system and certain medicines may be readily available in pharmacies and do not need to be brought in.

Prohibited items

There is an extensive list of goods prohibited from being imported into Qatar, including flammable goods, radioactive materials, ammunition and explosives, narcotics, or goods from economically boycotted countries.

The full list is available on the Qatari customs website. Note that customs officials at ports of entry usually have the final say on what can be imported or exported, and decisions can be made at their discretion.

The majority of Qatar’s workforce is made up of expats, and getting a visa or work permit for the country is fairly straightforward.

The Ministry of Interior (MoI) oversees all immigration matters, and Hukoomi, the government’s ePortal, makes visa applications for Qatar easy. Expats can simply track their applications by entering their country of citizenship, their application number and passport details.
 
That said, waiting periods may be an inconvenience, especially during Ramadan. Many suggest that it’s best for visa applications to be submitted well before or just after this time. In any event, we strongly recommend checking the MoI website regularly and contacting the nearest embassy and consulate for support.

Tourist visas for Qatar

Citizens from many countries must apply for a visa in advance, and this can be done by contacting the nearest embassy directly and doing the application process online.

Note that not all citizens need to apply beforehand. Citizens of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates) do not need to apply for a visa to visit Qatar. Eighty other countries, including the United States, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong, Britain and Germany can also enter without a visa. Foreign nationals must check if their country of citizenship is included on this list, which is available on the MoI website.

These visas are obtained at the port of entry upon arrival, but visitors can also receive theirs online before travelling.

Visitors on tourist visas must ensure that their passports are valid for at least six months after the date of arrival, and they must show an itinerary of travel plans including accommodation details and a return ticket.

These visas are normally valid for one to three months.

Sponsored tourist visas

There are several types of tourist visas available, some of which can be organised through authorised hotels, embassies and employers, as well as Qatar Airways. For more on this process, expats should contact these bodies and organisations directly.

Note that these visas cannot be extended and are only valid for one month.

Joint tourist visas

Joint tourist visas allow free travel between Qatar and Oman. Expats may apply for these before travelling, but can also obtain them upon arrival. These Qatar-Oman visas are valid for one month and can be renewed for another 30 days.

Transit visas

Transit visas are applicable for visits no longer than 24 hours, and travellers stopping over in Qatar can obtain these visas if they wish to leave the airport and explore a bit before continuing their journey, for instance.

Business visas for Qatar

Expats coming to the country for temporary work purposes need to get a business visa for Qatar. The approved local company receiving the overseas visitor often takes responsibility for the process and will need to provide a letter of invitation.

Expats planning to carry out contractual work can receive this business visa, valid for only three months. Those looking to work in Qatar for extended periods will require a work and residence permit.

72-hour business visas

Applicants needing only three days in Qatar will receive this 72-hour business visa, normally issued on arrival. These individuals must show proof of their business and carry the necessary documents.

Investor visas

Applicants who are invested in business ventures in Qatar can apply for an investor visa. Expats require documents on business, property ownership, a certificate showing good behaviour and an authorised medical certificate. We encourage investors to follow up on the MoI and Ministry of Economy and Commerce websites for more.

Visit visas for Qatar

GCC residents and family members can apply for short-term visas to visit Qatar.

GCC resident visit visas

Residents of GCC countries are allowed entry to Qatar for stays of one month, renewable for a further three months.

Family visit visas

Expats moving to Qatar for work can bring their family over on family visit visas. These visas are valid for one month and can be extended for six months for immediate relatives (spouse and children) and three months for other family members. When applying for extensions, applicants require a medical check-up.

Residence visas for Qatar

To stay in Qatar, expats can enter on the relevant visa and apply for a working residence permit after they arrive. Permits are only granted to applicants who are sponsored by a company, a family member in the country who earns more than the minimum threshold, or those investing in property. Expats must stay in Qatar while their entry visa is converted to a residence permit.

Family residence visas

Expats working in Qatar who want their family to stay with them during their time in the emirate can sponsor their residence visa. The sponsoring resident generally requires a monthly income of more than QAR 10,000, to have worked with their company for at least six months, a valid Qatar ID, and a residence visa from their employer.

Expats with a newborn baby younger than three months must apply for a Newborn Visa. Parents need a valid residence permit, their child’s birth certificate and for the baby to be included in their parents' passports or have their own.

Education residence visas

Study visas can be obtained free of charge. Students require proof of acceptance to an approved educational institution, and visas are valid for the duration of the course in question.

Real estate visas

Expats interested in buying property and owning real estate in Qatar must apply for this visa through the MoI. Expats usually need a valid passport, a letter from a relevant real-estate agent regarding property investment and purchase, a certificate of good conduct and a medical check-up.

Return visas

Expats in Qatar must note that, just as they require an entry visa for their initial visit, they likely need a return visa when they leave and come back to the country. This includes citizens with valid residency who have been out of Qatar for more than six months and are returning.

Exit permits

The exit permit system in Qatar was dismantled in 2018. From 2020, only armed forces and domestic workers need visas to exit the country.

*Visa regulations are subject to change at short notice and expats should contact their respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.

Qatari embassies

• Embassy of Qatar, Washington DC, United States: +1 202 274 1600

• Embassy of Qatar, London, United Kingdom (also responsible for Ireland): +44 20 7493 2200

• Embassy of Qatar, Ottawa, Canada: +1 613 241 4917

• Embassy of Qatar, Canberra, Australia (also responsible for New Zealand): +61 2 6152 8888

• Embassy of Qatar, Pretoria, South Africa: +27 12 452 1700

Foreign embassies in Qatar

• United States Embassy, Doha, Qatar: +974 4496 6000

• British Embassy, Doha, Qatar: +974 4496 2000

• Canadian Embassy, Doha, Qatar: +974 4419 9000

• Australian Embassy, Doha, Qatar: +974 4007 8500

• South African Embassy, Doha, Qatar: +974 4485 7111

• Irish Embassy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (also responsible for Qatar): +971 249 58200

• New Zealand Embassy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (also responsible for Qatar): +971 2 496 3333

*Islamic holidays are subject to change based on sightings of the moon

Expats thinking of a move to Qatar should brace themselves for the country’s extreme heat. Its desert climate creates unbearable peak temperatures that mean new arrivals have to be wary of health-related issues, including heat exhaustion and sunstroke.

The weather in Qatar is characterised by abundant sunshine and little rainfall. Rain appears in short bursts during winter (December to February) and rarely totals more than three inches a year.

The brief transitional seasons are by far the most pleasant. Spring (March to May) and autumn (October to November) bring temperatures of around 63°F (17°C) with low levels of humidity.

Conversely, Qatar's long summers (May to September) can reach 122°F (50°C), but generally average around 106°F (41°C), while humidity can rise to 90 percent at times.

Most expats vacate the country during the hottest months of June, July and August. Planning a holiday during this period is highly recommended. Otherwise, expats will have to learn to adapt to the weather in Qatar. We recommend they wear a hat, sunglasses and sunscreen at all times when outdoors; organise outdoor activities for the early morning and late evening; park cars in shaded areas and use a protective screen; and remember to drink plenty of fluids.

Winter is generally mild, but occasionally the desert gets chilly. Qatar homes are ill-equipped to provide heat, which can also be unpleasant and cold.

On the other hand, air-conditioning is the norm and, without it, the weather in Qatar during the hotter months would get the best of residents. With this in mind, expats should have a light sweater on hand for when indoors.

As a country with one of the world’s highest per capita income, Qatar's inhabitants need adequate infrastructure to protect their earnings. As such, expats generally find that banking in Qatar, with its well-maintained network of local and international banks, is quite easy.

Money in Qatar

The currency used in Qatar is the riyal (QAR), which is divided into 100 dirhams. Riyals can be found in the following denominations:

• Notes: QAR 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500
• Coins: 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 dirhams

The riyal is pegged to the US dollar at a fixed rate of 1 USD to 3.64 QAR for the Qatar Central Bank's sales and purchases of USD with banks that operate in the country. New arrivals can easily get local cash at the airport and banks. Remember, though, that when exchanging currency, banks charge for the service, so the rate may vary.

Banking in Qatar

The banking industry is supervised by the Qatar Central Bank, which oversees commercial banks such as Ahli Bank, the Commercial Bank of Qatar, Doha Bank, Qatar Islamic Bank, International Bank of Qatar and the Qatar National Bank (QNB). These offer comprehensive online banking services.

Most local banks have services in both English and Arabic and offer familiar account types found in most global destinations.

Alternatively, expats can open an international account with banks such as HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank. This kind of account may benefit those who would like to consider offshore account options, or those who already have an account with one of these service providers in their home country. Some expats also report that they prefer the convenience and security of having their finances centralised.

Banks in Qatar are generally open from Sunday to Thursday between 7.30am or 9am and 1pm, but many are also open in the afternoon and on Saturday mornings. During the months of Ramadan, these hours may vary significantly.

Opening a bank account in Qatar

For those who don't go the international account route, opening a bank account in Qatar is a relatively simple, stress-free process. Expats will need to apply with a passport, a valid residency or work permit and a Qatar ID card, passport-sized photos, and a certificate or letter from their Qatari employer stating their monthly salary. Banks may require either a minimum balance or salary, often of QAR 5,000 or more.

Once the application has been approved, the bank will provide the applicant with a letter for their employer, confirming that they are happy to receive salary payments into the new account.

Qatar also has an officially-appointed banking ombudsman affiliated with Qatar's Central Bank, accessible to anyone who has a complaint against a bank and needs assistance.

Credit cards and ATMs 

ATMs are readily available in Qatar and, more often than not, accept both local and international credit and debit cards. While most ATMs function 24 hours, it may not be guaranteed, and using ATMs operated by banks other than one's own, or using a credit card to withdraw cash, normally incurs extra charges.

Taxes in Qatar

One of the great attractions of relocating to Qatar is that no personal or income tax is levied against individual salaries or allowances, even as an expat. This means that, while in Qatar, an expat's gross salary will be paid to them without any deductions.

That said, expats are strongly advised to research whether a double taxation avoidance agreement (DTAA) exists between Qatar and their country of origin; if there isn't, they will be liable to pay tax in their country of origin on the money earned in Qatar. We recommend that expats working in Qatar check this online and consult with tax specialists if necessary.

Excise taxes

While income is not taxed, certain goods are, including tobacco, carbonated and energy drinks, and special-purpose goods such as alcohol. This means the prices of these items are much higher, affecting the cost of living.

Expats moving to Qatar face myriad challenges, but navigating the emirate’s system of education needn’t be one of them. Most expats send their children to one of the many private international schools in the country, and the biggest headache is often having to choose one from among the sheer variety of these.

Parents should research potential schools and apply as soon as possible. To help with this, the official website of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education provides a list of schools.

Public schools in Qatar

Education in Qatar follows a system of distinct levels. After preschool, primary school ranges from grades one to six, preparatory school from grades seven to nine and secondary school from grades 10 to 12. Basic education for adults aged 18 and older is also available. For secondary school, there is a choice between general education and specialised schools for specific interests, including banking, business administration, and science and technology.

State schools are generally excellent, as Qatar continues to invest in its education to improve the knowledge, skills and ultimately the lives of its citizens.

Though public schools are free for Qatari nationals, schools have their own policies when it comes to admitting non-Qatari students.

International schools in Qatar

Even though the government puts a lot of effort into ensuring high standards at local schools, most expat children attend private international schools in Qatar due to restrictions and language barriers at public schools. 

There are many options, with schools following various curricula, including the International Baccalaureate (IB), British, American and Indian systems. These schools must meet the standards of the Qatar National School Accreditation system.

Education can be a significant expense, so expats working in Qatar should try to negotiate school fees into their contract or ensure that they budget carefully. Fees such as tuition and registration fees, uniforms and excursions can add up quickly, and most fees are expected to be paid upfront at the beginning of the school year.

Enrolment requires long-term planning as waiting lists are often long and application fees high – and often non-refundable. An application form and previous school documents are usually among the acquired documents. Some schools also require a letter of recommendation, on-site entrance exams and occasionally even interviews.

Nurseries in Qatar

Qatar recognises the importance of early childhood education and there are many kindergartens, both public and private. Private ones may be attached to larger international schools.

The Ministry of Education and Higher Education emphasises that kindergarten should encourage children to be active, creative and able to question, criticise and have their own personalities. Young children can explore basic numeracy and science, but the focus on their physical development and creative expression is paramount.

Expats needn’t worry about a language barrier in Qatari nurseries – young kids pick up new languages easily and the curriculum offers communication in both Arabic and English. All nurseries, both public and private, offer top-quality educational and play materials, as well as experienced teachers.

Special-needs education in Qatar

Empowering persons with disabilities is one of Qatar’s top priorities, and this includes quality special-needs education integrated with mainstream classrooms wherever possible.

Public and private schools provide support for students with learning, physical or developmental disabilities as well as those with behavioural, emotional and communication disorders, including students with autism and intellectual disabilities.

Schools must tailor services to each student. Curricula may be adapted to meet appropriate educational goals, and specialised materials and technology are employed to aid in the learning process. Specialists, alongside teaching staff, are responsible for providing optimal support to children and their parents.

Though schools are becoming increasingly integrated, there are specialised schools that specifically cater to students with disabilities and still provide a comprehensive education programme. Specialised schools include Al-Hidaya schools for students with intellectual disabilities and separate schools for students with hearing impairments.

Homeschooling in Qatar

Homeschooling is an option for residents in Qatar. Doha Home Educators (DHE) has been pivotal in creating an organised network for homeschoolers in Doha and regularly organises classroom lessons, activities and events. Parents who choose this alternative to mainstream schooling in Qatar will find an active community of expats who can be reached online and through social media groups.

Given the vague homeschooling regulations for expats in Qatar, DHE advises parents to follow the regulations of their home country.

Tutors in Qatar

Tutoring in Qatar, like elsewhere around the world, is a popular industry. There are many online platforms to find tutors for a wide spectrum of subjects and curricula – some tutors may focus on IB or IGCSE and A-Levels, while others use the Qatari curriculum. TeacherOn and MyPrivateTutor are among the commonly used online platforms.

With a population mainly consisting of expats, the protocols for doing business in Qatar often depend on who the business is being conducted with. Expats will mostly be working with other foreigners, but their senior associates are more likely to come from Qatar and other Gulf states.

There are many business opportunities in Qatar, but expats need to be properly prepared in order to succeed in a country where businesses either soar or sink. By familiarising themselves with Arabic business culture and showing sensitivity in a foreign business environment, Western expatriates give themselves a better chance of succeeding.

Fast facts

Business hours

Usually 7.30am to 12pm and 3.30pm to 7pm, from Sunday to Thursday. Friday and Saturday are weekend days but this varies between businesses.

Business language

The official language of Qatar is Arabic, although English is widely spoken and understood.

Dress

Smart and conservative, especially for women.

Gifts

Exchanging gifts when meeting Qatari business associates for the first time is customary. Gifts should be wrapped and of high quality – traditional perfume is a popular choice. Never give alcohol or anything made of pigskin.

Gender equality

Qatar is an Islamic state, but the government prides itself as one of the more progressive Gulf countries with regards to attitudes toward women in the workplace. Foreign women, especially, are respected and valued in Qatar – although they might need to dress and behave more conservatively than they would back home.

It is also worth bearing in mind that major shifts in the Qatari corporate world will take time and that the vast majority of senior positions are likely to be filled by men for the foreseeable future.

Business culture in Qatar

Islamic influences

Expats need to be respectful of the large influence that Islam has on daily life in the emirate, including business. Becoming familiar with a few basic cultural guidelines is a good start.

Personal relationships and networking

The business culture of Qatar is typically Arabic, and a lot of emphasis is placed on personal relationships between associates. Qatari businessmen prefer to do business with people they are familiar with and whom they feel they can trust. For this reason, expats may need help from a local agent (or sponsor) who can provide them with important introductions and recommendations.

Being patient during the first dealings with potential Qatari business partners is important too – a lot of time is devoted to 'getting to know each other' before any actual business is discussed.

Meetings

Qatari business people are often more interested in whether they get along with their prospective partners than in corporate expertise or qualifications. Business meetings can be long, subject to numerous personal digressions, and may even be interrupted by unexpected visitors. Even if a meeting's agenda becomes abandoned, expats should not resort to hard-sell tactics, which may be interpreted as unnecessary aggression. Publicly criticising or undermining associates is also frowned upon – if it has to be done, it's usually done in private.

Meetings should also be confirmed ahead of time as business schedules can quickly change.

While some things might seem strange for expats, resisting the urge to get impatient is important. Long-term, personal business relationships in Qatar can certainly be worth the time and energy.

Hierarchy

Management styles in Qatar are usually hierarchical and staff are expected to follow orders to the letter. Note, however, that locals rarely say ‘no’ directly, which can affect communication across different levels of business.

Greetings

Business etiquette in Qatar reflects the closeness between personal and professional life that many Qataris maintain. Handshakes are the accepted greeting between men, and the most senior person present should be greeted first. Arabic titles, such as Haji and Sheikh, should be used where appropriate to show respect. At the same time, personal discussions are common, especially in the beginning. 

Exchanging business cards when meeting associates for the first time is common. The reverse side of business cards should be printed in Arabic and expats should spend some time examining someone else's card before putting it away.

Attitude to foreigners

Qatar is far more friendly and open to foreigners than some of its neighbouring countries. That said, expats must always behave with respect for Islamic culture and traditions. Arabic translations of important documents should always be at hand, and learning a few basic Arabic words and greetings is always appreciated.

Dos and don'ts of doing business in Qatar

• Do be respectful and observant of Islamic culture and traditions
• Do look to cement long-term, personal relationships with Qatari business associates
• Do make an effort to engage with the culture – learn some Arabic words and become educated about Islam
• Don't be impatient, rude or aggressive – this kind of behaviour will alienate expats from the corporate culture in Qatar

Expat women living in Qatar will find that the government policies of the Arabian Peninsula make for a unique life that usually demands certain initial adjustments.

Women's rights in Qatar

Women have somewhat progressive rights in Qatar. They vote, run for municipal elections, and participate freely in all parts of public and social life while enjoying some equality in professional and educational settings.

Following the lead of Her Highness Sheikha Moza bint Nasser (the chairperson of Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development, and also one of the wives of the previous emir), women are employed and educated at all levels of society.

These familiar rights will make most newcomers comfortable in their surroundings. Qatar also practises religious tolerance and there are several religious facilities, including an official Catholic church and Hindu temples, in addition to the mosques around the country. Those who practise other religions are free to do so, but proselytising is illegal.

That said, both men and women should realise that Qatari society is engaged in a constant balancing act between the traditional and modern. This means that old-world values, such as gender-segregated schooling environments, are still upheld and considered core to national identity. Similarly, males are considered the natural head of the family, and Western expats should be prepared for a typically patriarchal society.

Though women can work and are respected in the workplace, women under a family residence visa sponsored by their husbands will likely need their husband's official approval to do so. The LGBTQ+ community also undeniably face multiple challenges given that homosexuality is illegal under Sharia, Islamic law.

Dress in Qatar

While non-Qatari women are not expected to wear the abaya, a black robe-like covering, expat women should dress appropriately when at shopping malls, the souks, the Corniche and other public areas. This means covering the arms, at least with short sleeves, and wearing dresses, skirts and shorts that cover the knees.

Dressing appropriately in Qatar will also ensure that expat women will avoid being stared at, or attracting other unwelcome attention from men while out in the city (men greatly outnumber women in Doha).

Hotels are generally more permissive when it comes to dress and can be an enclave for expats, but keeping the culture in mind while en route and when leaving the hotel is important. A good principle for the expat woman is to always have a shawl in one's handbag or car to use for covering up if needing to get out of the car in public unexpectedly, or for chilly air-conditioned interiors.

Making friends in Qatar

Many of the expat women in Qatar are homemakers who have travelled for the sake of their husbands' jobs and have suddenly found that they don’t have to “make home” in Qatar. House help is widely available at a reasonable price – one of the great benefits of living here, particularly for those with young children. As a result, expat women may find infinitely more hours to spend with their family and friends, working, or on hobbies.

The transition can be challenging at first when women left at home alone must find ways to fill the time. Those living on compounds are lucky since the compound can act as a safety net for first-time movers. These instant communities have welcoming neighbours and often a central swimming pool or clubhouse.

Another pre-made circle of friends is the network of spouses and children who are the wives and kids of work colleagues. It should be kept in mind that these relationships can often be necessary and welcome, but people may eventually want to branch out, as expat communities can feel claustrophobic with people living and working very closely together.

As there are many others in this situation, there is a varied social scene, with writing groups, book clubs and other interest groups that are generally open to all women. Activities such as salsa and creative writing have sprung up in recent years. Notices about their meetings are posted regularly in local magazines as well as on social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook.

Due to the somewhat transient nature of expat life in Qatar, many people stay an average of only three years. Most of the groups (and people in general) are used to welcoming new arrivals and are very good at making fresh assignees feel welcome. If a new arrival doesn’t find a group for their particular interest, it's fairly easy to start one. 

Work-life balance in Qatar

Those who move to Qatar as single working women will find the elusive work-life balance all the more important to establish. Spending all one's time doing business can get lonely. Start-up companies that demand long hours and companies that uphold the working days and times of Western countries often monopolise their employees' time and commitments.

Those who deliberately limit the amount of time they spend at work and on email will find opportunities to explore the city and establish relationships outside of it. It’s important to make this effort, and there are networks related to professional working women that could be useful in helping to meet other women who aren’t able to develop friendships over coffee mornings.

Those looking to make connections in the local community or outside the bubble of their living/working conditions may find this takes a fair amount of determination, but it can be done. The ephemeral nature of the expat community means that those who stay longer than three years – Qatari and non-Qatari – can be wary of the steady stream of inquiries by newcomers, and may be reluctant to make new friends. The best way to break into these communities is to get involved in meaningful activities, like volunteering and participating in charity work, and to give friendships time to develop.

While few people are affected by crime, there are precautionary issues to be aware of in Qatar, especially in terms of travel safety.

Crime in Qatar

Although uncommon, crime in Qatar that affects foreign visitors is mainly petty in nature and include unarmed opportunistic theft, commercial and residential burglary, and theft from unattended vehicles. The Qatar police force works to safeguard locals and expats alike and provides a high standard of security. The force is highly visible and capable.

Financial fraud is a concern in Qatar and expats are strongly advised to take precautions in their financial dealings. Though credit and debit card fraud occur, the overall threat is no higher than in most Western cities.

Expat women should also take care if out alone at night and ensure they travel in taxis that are properly registered.

Terrorism in Qatar

While terrorist activity in the country has historically been low, Qatar isn't immune to the threat of extremist attacks. The high number of expats in Qatar, particularly Westerners, and the government’s involvement in regional political affairs increase the possibility that it may be targeted in the future.

Protests in Qatar

While political opposition is limited, reports of unfair treatment, poor working conditions and low wages of unskilled migrant workers, have given rise to more and more protests surrounding these issues. It’s important to follow local news and steer clear of large demonstrations where possible.

Road safety in Qatar

The greatest safety threat to expats in Qatar is road travel. Traffic fatalities are among the leading causes of death in the country. Speeding, disobeying basic traffic laws and poor driving standards are often blamed for the high accident rate. Poor visibility during sandstorms also poses threats to drivers, and when travelling out to the desert, it’s best to travel in a group in vehicles with four-wheel drive.

When driving in Qatar, we strongly urge expats to be vigilant and aware of other vehicles and always abide by the rules of the road. In the event of an accident, seek healthcare assistance by dialing 999 for an ambulance.

Sea travel concerns in Qatar

There have been reports of maritime attacks around certain waters and ports in the Gulf, so we recommend following the latest news and enquiring on the routes before travelling.

If travelling by boat, always check that life jackets are available, especially if travelling by dhow. Safety standards of some boats may not be on par with those of other countries.

Once home to a thriving pearl industry and largely associated with its expansive desert landscapes, Qatar has nevertheless managed to blossom in this arid terrain and is emerging as a major global player.

Situated on the Arabian Peninsula, the emirate – especially its rapidly developing capital city of Doha – continuously surprises its residents as well as new arrivals in a variety of ways.

Living in Qatar as an expat

Driven by gas and oil, this small emirate has emerged as a powerful player in the global economy, boasting one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Skilled expats have little trouble securing work in Qatar, particularly in the booming petrochemical sector, IT, construction, business and tourism.

Not long ago, Qatar had a poorly organised public transport system, but today it has transformed its infrastructure and is expanding its roads, railways and metro system. Driving is still preferred, but is no longer the only option open to commuters.

Luxury housing and shopping malls, and various amenities help residents cope with Qatar’s extreme heat, including well-maintained air-conditioning and swimming pools in expat compounds. That said, accommodation is expensive and expats should negotiate housing allowances with their employers if possible.

Qatar’s healthcare system is generally excellent, and expats have the option of state-subsidised healthcare if they don’t prefer private options. Both systems are cutting-edge, but expats should consider health insurance if they choose the private route.

Cost of living in Qatar

More and more expats are incentivised to work in Qatar, saving money in a tax-free environment while enjoying a good standard of living. Having said that, expensive housing, exclusive education and imported foods mean the cost of living in Qatar is decidedly steep.

Expat families and children

Qatar aims to be the Middle Eastern flagship for social development and intellectualism. It has been working hard to create a ‘knowledge economy’ and to promote ventures such as the Museum of Islamic Art and a massive Education City. There is a wide variety of schools in Qatar, and the standards are generally excellent across the board, but they can be expensive, especially international schools.

With an interesting mix of nationalities, religions and cultures alongside Qatari citizens, expat families can look forward to an emirate that emphasises culture and offers many interesting sights and occasions. Family trips to Souq Waqif or one of the many yearly festivals are good fun and also perfect opportunities to integrate into local culture.

Climate in Qatar

Qatar is a hot, arid country and expats should be prepared to make some adjustments. The desert climate offers many potential health risks, such as sunstroke and heat exhaustion. The most pleasant months are during spring (March to May) and autumn (October to November). The mild winters (December to February) usually bring a few inches of annual rain, and during this time the desert can be chilly.

Qatar can be a great destination and the expat community is large and welcoming. Making connections is not difficult and can ease the relocation process, helping new arrivals overcome any initial culture shock.

Fast facts

Population: About 2.88 million

Capital city: Doha (also largest city)

Other major cities: Al Rayyan, Al Khor, Al Wakrah

Neighbouring countries: Situated on the northeastern coast of the Arab peninsula, Qatar is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the west, with the island state of Bahrain to the northwest. Across the Persian Gulf to the northeast is Iran, while the United Arab Emirates is situated to the southeast.

Geography: The peninsula of Qatar is low lying. In the east of the country, there are smooth plains covered by fine-grained dust. The south and southwest portion of the peninsula is made up of sand salt flats. The coastline is emergent and gently slopes toward the sea. Many flat, low-lying off-shore islands are located near the coast and are accompanied by coral reefs. Because of the salt water which comes into contact with the low lying land, many salt pans have formed along the coast. 

Political system: The political system in Qatar is an absolute monarchy with the Emir of Qatar as head of state and head of government. Sharia law shapes most legislation in Qatar.

Major religion: Islam

Main languages: Arabic (official), English

Money: The currency is the Qatari Riyal (QAR), which is divided into 100 dirhams. Expats can easily open a bank account in Qatar with the correct documents. ATMs are widely available.

Tipping: A 10 percent service charge is often added to hotel and restaurant bills. Tipping is not common among Qataris, though for exceptional service and journeys by taxi, a charge may be rounded up.

Time: GMT +3

Electricity: 240 volts, 50 Hz. Rectangular-blade plugs (three flat pins in a triangle – type G) and round-pin plugs (three round pins in a triangular pattern – type D) are used most often.

Internet domain: .qa

International dialling code: +974

Emergency contacts: The general emergency number for police ambulances and fire services in Qatar is 999. Operators will often speak English.

Transport and driving: Traffic in Qatar drives on the right. Expats should drive defensively because the country is known for having high accident rates. Taxis are widely available and the bus system is effective, while the metro and rail systems are expanding.

To legally work in Qatar, expats require the relevant permits. Aside from business visas, expats working in Qatar for long periods must obtain a work permit, formally known as Work Residence Permits or an RP.

Getting a work permit for Qatar

Expats have to have find a job and a local employer to act as their sponsor before they can apply for a Work Residence Permit for Qatar. After the necessary paperwork is completed, the employing sponsor usually takes responsibility for the application and follows up on its progress.

Here are five steps to securing a Work Residence Permit for Qatar:

Step 1 – Find a job

Expats must first find and secure a job before applying for their working visa. Once this is done, the employer is largely responsible for the application process.

Step 2 – Prepare documents as advised by the employer, who applies for a temporary visa

After negotiating the terms of employment, the employer applies to the Qatari government to hire an expatriate through the Ministry of Interiors. Given the number of foreign workers in Qatar, many companies are familiar with the application process and some even have a department devoted to it.

The company should know which documents are needed to start the application process, since requirements often vary between jobs. We recommend that expats keep multiple, notarised copies of all the required documents for their personal records.

Step 3 – Receive a temporary visa and travel to Qatar

Employers will organise and send a temporary visa which can be tracked using the Hukoomi website. With a temporary visa, expats can travel to Qatar.  

Step 4 – Apply for a work residence permit

After arriving, applicants must then follow bureaucratic and administrative procedures to convert their temporary visa to the Work Residence Permit, the RP. This generally takes two to four weeks, during which time applicants are not allowed to leave the country. Expats must have prearranged documents as per their employer’s instructions. They generally must submit their passport,certificate of good conduct and latest educational certificate, all of which are either originally in or translated into Arabic.

Documents must be certified by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Qatar embassy in the expat’s country of application.

Expats must also take a health and medical examination, which they can book in advance through the official website of the Ministry of Public Health. This is then sent online to the Criminal Evidence and Information Department.

Step 5 – Collect RP and register employment contract

Finally, with the RP, applicants can properly begin their life in Qatar: obtain their Qatar ID, apply for driving licences, sign rental accommodation agreements and open a bank account.

They must ensure their employment contract is registered in Arabic at the Ministry of Administrative Development, Labor and Social Affairs. This must record the job title, working hours, salary and other working benefits.

Family visit and residence visas

Expats can sponsor their relatives to join them in Qatar on a family visit visa or a family residence visa. Expats who have a residence work permit for Qatar and earn more than QAR 10,000 per month can legally sponsor their family for a residence visa.

Certain documents must be submitted, usually including application forms for each family member, an employer’s letter, passport copies and proof of residence, as well as birth and marriage certificates, where applicable.

Expats in Qatar on a family-sponsored residence permit are not allowed to work, but can apply to the Labour Department for the right to do so after they arrive. Women under this visa, who are sponsored by their husband, must get approval to work.

*Visa and work permit regulations are subject to change at short notice and expats should contact their respective embassy or consulate for the latest details.